【against】“Against” 是一个常见的英文介词，常用于表达反对、对抗、对比等含义。在日常交流和正式写作中，“against” 的使用频率较高，但其具体含义往往取决于上下文。以下是对 “against” 这一词汇的总结与分析。
一、基本含义总结
| 中文含义 | 英文表达 | 示例 |
| 反对 | against | He is against the new policy. |
| 对抗、抵挡 | against | She fought against the wind. |
| 与……相对 | against | The painting hangs against the wall. |
| 倾向于 | against | He is against smoking. |
| 在……旁边 | against | The book is lying against the table. |
二、常见用法解析
1. 表示反对或不支持
“against” 常用于表达对某事的反对态度，如政策、观点、行为等。
- I am strongly against the decision.
- Many people are against the war.
2. 表示对抗或抵抗
表示与某种力量或情况作斗争，如自然力、敌人、困难等。
- The boat was fighting against the storm.
- He stood against the crowd.
3. 表示位置关系
有时用来描述物体之间的接触或靠拢状态。
- The ladder is leaning against the wall.
- She sat against the door.
4. 表示对比或对照
用于比较两个事物的不同之处。
- There is a big difference between them, not just in size but also in style.
- This model is better than that one, and it’s also cheaper.
5. 表示倾向或立场
有时用于表达个人的态度或立场。
- I’m against the idea of changing the rules.
- He is against the use of animals in experiments.
三、常见搭配短语
| 短语 | 含义 | 示例 |
| be against | 反对 | They are against the proposal. |
| fight against | 抗击、对抗 | We must fight against corruption. |
| stand against | 抵挡、反抗 | He stood against the pressure. |
| go against | 违反、违背 | This law goes against our values. |
| lean against | 靠着 | The tree leans against the house. |
四、使用注意事项
- “against” 通常不用于表示时间或地点，除非是特定的表达方式（如 against the clock）。
- 在某些情况下，可以用 “opposed to” 替代 “against”，但两者语气略有不同。“Opposed to” 更加正式且带有强烈反对意味。
- 注意不要混淆 “against” 和 “with”，后者表示“与……一起”或“支持”。
五、总结
“Against” 是一个多功能的介词，在不同的语境中有多种含义。理解其具体用法需要结合上下文，尤其要注意它在表达反对、对抗、位置和对比时的不同功能。掌握这些用法有助于提高英语表达的准确性和自然度。
表格总结：
| 项目 | 内容 |
| 词汇 | against |
| 基本含义 | 反对、对抗、对比、靠拢、倾向 |
| 常见用法 | 表达反对、对抗、位置关系、对比、立场 |
| 搭配短语 | be against, fight against, stand against, go against, lean against |
| 注意事项 | 不用于时间/地点；注意与 “with” 区分；可用 “opposed to” 替代 |