【afraid的用法与搭配】“afraid”是一个常见的英语形容词,表示“害怕的、担心的”。在日常英语中,它常用于表达对某事的恐惧或担忧。掌握“afraid”的正确用法和常见搭配,有助于更自然地使用该词。以下是对“afraid”的用法与搭配的总结。
一、基本用法
1. afraid + of + 名词 / 动名词
表示对某事物感到害怕或担心。
- 例句:I am afraid of the dark.(我怕黑。)
- 例句:She is afraid of flying.(她害怕坐飞机。)
2. afraid + to + 动词原形
表示不敢做某事。
- 例句:He was afraid to speak up.(他不敢发言。)
- 例句:They are afraid to go outside.(他们不敢出去。)
3. be afraid that...
表达一种推测或担忧,语气较为委婉。
- 例句:I’m afraid that it’s too late.(恐怕已经太晚了。)
- 例句:She is afraid that he won’t come.(她担心他不会来。)
4. not afraid of...
表示不害怕某事,强调勇敢。
- 例句:He is not afraid of danger.(他不怕危险。)
- 例句:She is not afraid of challenges.(她不惧挑战。)
二、常见搭配与短语
| 搭配 | 含义 | 例句 |
| be afraid of | 害怕 | I'm afraid of spiders. |
| be afraid to do | 不敢做 | She was afraid to ask him. |
| be afraid that | 担心、恐怕 | I'm afraid that we're late. |
| not afraid of | 不怕 | He's not afraid of hard work. |
| have no fear of | 不怕 | They have no fear of failure. |
| in fear of | 因……而害怕 | The children were in fear of the dog. |
三、注意事项
- “afraid”通常不能直接跟动词不定式(如:afraid to go),但可以接动名词(如:afraid of going)。
- 在口语中,“afraid”常用来表达委婉的否定或负面信息,比如:“I'm afraid I can't help.”(恐怕我帮不上忙。)
- “afraid”不能用于进行时态,如:I am being afraid 是错误的。
四、总结
“afraid”是一个非常实用的形容词,常用于表达恐惧、担忧或谨慎的情绪。掌握其基本结构和常见搭配,能帮助我们在英语写作和口语中更准确地表达自己的想法。通过合理使用“afraid”,我们可以在交流中更加自然、得体。


